Metonymy and Proverbs
PROVERBS
A proverb is a short statement
usually known by many people. It states something that is common experience or
gives advice. Here are some examples.
The best things in life are free."
We don't have to pay for the things that are really valuable, like love, friendship and good health.
The best things in life are free."
We don't have to pay for the things that are really valuable, like love, friendship and good health.
"A stitch in time
saves nine."
Repair something as soon as it is damaged. That's a small repair job. If not, you will have a much bigger and more expensive repair job later.
Repair something as soon as it is damaged. That's a small repair job. If not, you will have a much bigger and more expensive repair job later.
"Still waters run
deep."
Some rivers have rough surfaces with waves. That's usually because the water is shallow and there are rocks near the surface. But deep rivers have no rocks near the surface and the water is smooth and still. "Still waters run deep" means that people who are calm and tranquil on the outside, often have a strong, "deep" personality.
Some rivers have rough surfaces with waves. That's usually because the water is shallow and there are rocks near the surface. But deep rivers have no rocks near the surface and the water is smooth and still. "Still waters run deep" means that people who are calm and tranquil on the outside, often have a strong, "deep" personality.
"The way to a man's heart is
through his stomach."
Many women have won a man's love by cooking delicious meals for him. They fed his stomach and found love in his heart.
Many women have won a man's love by cooking delicious meals for him. They fed his stomach and found love in his heart.
"If the stone fall upon the
egg, alas for the egg! If the egg fall upon the stone, alas for the egg!"
Life just isn't fair, and this realistic Arabic proverb ecognizes that. The stone will always break the egg. Life's like that!
Life just isn't fair, and this realistic Arabic proverb ecognizes that. The stone will always break the egg. Life's like that!
"Where there's a will there's a
way."
If we have the determination to do something, we can always find the path or method to do it.
If we have the determination to do something, we can always find the path or method to do it.
"Marry in haste, and
repent at leisure."
If we get married quickly, without thinking carefully, we may be sorry later. And we will have plenty of time to be sorry.
If we get married quickly, without thinking carefully, we may be sorry later. And we will have plenty of time to be sorry.
Metonymy
Conceptual metaphors and metonymy
In addition to prototypes,
cognitive semantics
assumes that the concepts expressed by language are interconnected. In many
cases one concept can be understood with the help of the other; this type of
interconnection is called metaphor. In the linguistic sense,
metaphors are part of our conceptual system. The use of metaphors in everyday
language is so common that most of them are frequently not even noticed.
The similarity or analogy between two terms from
different cognitive domains is typically assumed to enable metaphors to
"transport" one or more properties of a (usually relatively concrete)
source domain to a target domain, which is
usually more abstract. George
P. Lakoff and Mark
Johnson (1980) distinguish four different types of metaphors: structural
metaphors, orientational metaphors, ontological metaphors, and metonymy.
Metonymy is a figure of speech
in which a thing or concept is not called by its own name, but by the name of
something intimately associated with that thing or concept.
Examples:
Here are some examples of metonymy:- Crown. (For the power of a king.)
- The White House. (Referring to the American administration.)
- Dish. (To refer an entire plate of food.)
- The Pentagon. (For the Department of Defense and the offices of the U.S. Armed Forces.)
- Pen. (For the written word.)
- Sword - (For military force.)
- Hollywood. (For US Cinema.)
- Hand. (For help.)
"The pen is mightier than the sword."
References :
http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/writing-metonymy.php
http://www.ello.uos.de/field.php/Semantics/SemanticsConceptualmetaphorsandmetonymy
http://grammar.about.com/od/mo/g/metonymy.htm
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